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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, leading to inflammation and damage across multiple organs. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood cells. SLE is known for its unpredictable course, with periods of flare-ups and remission. Early diagnosis, regular monitoring, and long-term management are essential to control symptoms, prevent organ damage, and improve quality of life.
Causes & Risk Factors
Autoimmune dysfunction causing the immune system to attack healthy tissues
Genetic predisposition and family history of autoimmune diseases
Hormonal influence, more common in women of reproductive age
Environmental triggers such as sunlight, infections, and stress
Certain medications may trigger or worsen lupus symptoms
Common Signs & Symptoms
Persistent fatigue, fever, and unexplained weight changes
Joint pain, stiffness, and swelling resembling arthritis
Butterfly-shaped rash on the face and other skin rashes
Photosensitivity (symptoms worsen with sun exposure)
Kidney, heart, lung, or neurological involvement in severe cases
Diagnosis & Management
Blood tests including ANA, anti-dsDNA, and complement levels
Urine tests to detect kidney involvement (lupus nephritis)
Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and steroids
Lifestyle management: sun protection, balanced diet, and stress control
Regular follow-up to monitor disease activity and prevent complications
